Arginine
General Description
| Name | Value |
|---|---|
| Level | S-1 / C-1 |
| Discovered | 1994 / C. salei |
| Synonym | Parawixin 2 |
| Molecular formula | C₆H₁₄N₄O₂ |
| CAS | 74-79-3 |
| SMILES | OC(C(N)CCCNC(N)=N)=O |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C6H14N4O2/c7-4(5(11)12)2-1-3-10-6(8)9/h4H,1-3,7H2,(H,11,12)(H4,8,9,10) |
| Precursor 1 [M+H]⁺ | 175.11895 |
| Precursor 2 | |
| Precursor 3 | |
| HDX | 7 |
| Precursor HDX 1 [M(D₇)+D]⁺ | 183.16917 |
| Precursor HDX 2 | |
| Precursor HDX 3 | |
| Rt | 1.12 |
| Rt HDX | 1.08 |
MS/MS fragments
| m/z | Molecular formula | Annotation |
|---|---|---|
| 175.11895 | C₆H₁₅N₄O₂ | [M+H]⁺ |
| 158.09240 | C₆H₁₂N₃O₂ | [M+H-NH₃]⁺ |
| 157.10839 | C₆H₁₃N₄O | [M+H-H₂O]⁺ |
| 130.09749 | C₅H₁₂N₃O | |
| 116.07061 | C₅H₁₀NO₂ | [M+H-CH₅N₃]⁺ |
| 115.08659 | C₅H₁₁N₂O | |
| 112.08692 | C₅H₁₀N₃ | [M+H-NH₃-H₂O]⁺ |
| 72.08078 | C₄H₁₀N | |
| 70.06513 | C₄H₈N | [M+H-HCOOH-CH₅N₃]⁺ |
| 60.05562 | CH₆N₃ | [H₂NC=NHNH₂+H]⁺ |
Recorded MS/MS spectra
| Precursor | Co-eluting | Spider | Source | Author | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Data | 175.11895 | L-Arginine HCl (CAS 1119-34-2) | Sigma Aldrich | Y. M. Forster | |
| Data | 175.11895 | Alopecosa sp.1 | Fauna Laboratories Ltd., KAZ | Y. M. Forster | |
| Data | 175.11895 | Ariadna sp. | Spider Pharm, USA | Y. M. Forster | |
| Data | HDX | Ariadna sp. | Spider Pharm, USA | Y. M. Forster | |
| Data | 175.11895 | Desertosa sp.3 | Fauna Laboratories Ltd., KAZ | Y. M. Forster | |
| Data | 175.11895 | Drassodes sp.1 | Fauna Laboratories Ltd., KAZ | Y. M. Forster | |
| Data | 175.11895 | Eresus sp.2 | Fauna Laboratories Ltd., KAZ | Y. M. Forster | |
| Data | 175.11895 | Geolycosa sp. | Spider Pharm, USA | Y. M. Forster | |
| Data | 175.11895 | H. davidbowie | Alpha Biotoxin, BEL | Y. M. Forster | |
| Data | 175.11895 | Hippocosa sp.1 | Fauna Laboratories Ltd., KAZ | Y. M. Forster | |
| Data | 175.11895 | L. praegrandis | Fauna Laboratories Ltd., KAZ | Y. M. Forster | |
| Data | 175.11895 | Lycosa sp.1 | Fauna Laboratories Ltd., KAZ | Y. M. Forster | |
| Data | 175.11895 | Lycosa sp.3 | Fauna Laboratories Ltd., KAZ | Y. M. Forster | |
| Data | 175.11895 | Lycosa sp.5 | Fauna Laboratories Ltd., KAZ | Y. M. Forster | |
| Data | 175.11895 | P. bistriata | Prof. Dr. Wagner Ferreira dos Santos, BRA | Y. M. Forster | |
| Data | HDX | P. bistriata | Prof. Dr. Wagner Ferreira dos Santos, BRA | Y. M. Forster | |
| Data | 175.11895 | P. viridans | Spider Pharm, USA | Y. M. Forster | |
| Data | 175.11895 | P. mexicanus | Spider Pharm, USA | Y. M. Forster | |
| Data | 175.11895 | S. grossa | Spider Pharm, USA | Y. M. Forster | |
| Data | 175.11895 | Stegodyphus sp.4 | Fauna Laboratories Ltd., KAZ | Y. M. Forster |
References
| Title | Reference | Spider | Name | Content | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Purification of toxic peptides and the amino acid sequence of CSTX-1 from the multicomponent venom of Cupiennius salei (Araneae: Ctenidae) | L. Kuhn-Nentwig, J. Schaller, W. Nentwig, Toxicon 1994, 32, 3, 287-302 | C. salei | Link | ||
| Neurochemical characterization of a neuroprotective compound from Parawixia bistriata spider venom that inhibits synaptosomal uptake of GABA and glycine | R.O. Beleboni, R. Guizzo, A. C. K. Fontana, A. B. Pizzo, R. O. G. Carolino, L. Gobbo-Neto, N. P. Lopes, J. Couthinho-Netto, W. F. dos Santos, Mol. Pharmacol. 2006, 69, 6, 1998-2006 | P. bistriata | Parawixin2 / FrPbAII | MS/MS | Link |
| Anticonvulsant and anxiolytic activity of FrPbAII, a novel GABA uptake inhibitor isolated from the venom of the social spider Parawixia bistriata (Araneidae: Araneae) | J. L. Liberato, A. O. S. Cunha, M. R. Mortari, E. A. Gelfuso, E. O. Beleboni, J. Coutinho-Netto, W. F. dos Santos, Brain Res. 2006, 1124, 1, 19-27 | P. bistriata | FrPbAII | Link | |
| Neuropharmacological profile of FrPbAII, purified from the venom of the social spider Parawixia bistriata (Araneae, Araneidae), in Wistar rats | E. A. Gelfuso, A. O. S. Cunha, M. R. Mortari, J. L. Liberato, K. H. Paraventi, R. O. Beleboni, J. Coutinho-Netto, N. P. Lopes, W. F. dos Santos, Life Sci. 2007, 80, 6, 566-572 | P. bistriata | FrPbAII | Link | |
| Parawixin2, a novel non-selective GABA uptake inhibitor from Parawixia bistriata spider venom, inhibits pentylenetetrazole-induced chemical kindling in rats | E. A. Gelfuso, J. L. Liberato, A. O. S. Cunha, M. R. Mortari, R. O. Beleboni, N. P. Lopes, W. F. dos Santos, Neurosci. Lett. 2013, 543, 12-16 | P. bistriata | Parawixin2 | Link | |
| Disease modifying effects of the spider toxin Parawixin2 in the experimental epilepsy model | L. D. Godoy, J. L. Liberato, M. V. B. Celani, L. Gobbo-Neo, N. P. Lopes, W. F. dos Santos, Toxins 2017, 9, 9, 262-280 | P. bistriata | Parawixin2 | Link | |
| Elucidation of the structure and synthesis of neuroprotective low molecular mass compounds of the Parawixia bistriata spider venom | Y. M. Forster, J. L. Green, A. Khatiwada, J. L. Liberato, P. A. Narayana Reddy, J. M. Salvino, S. Bienz, L. Bigler, W. Ferreira dos Santos, A. C. K. Fontana, 2020, in preparation | P. bistriata | main component of Parawixin2 fraction | ESI-MS/MS, Activity studies | Link |
Spider species
| Spider species | Family | Discovered |
|---|---|---|
| Alopecosa sp. | Lycosidae | 2020 / Y. M. Forster |
| Ariadna sp. | Segestriidae | 2020 / Y. M. Forster |
| Cupiennius salei | Cupiennius | 1994 / L. Kuhn-Nentwig |
| Desertosa sp. | Lycosidae | 2020 / Y. M. Forster |
| Drassodes sp. | Gnaphosidae | 2020 / Y. M. Forster |
| Eresus sp. | Eresidae | 2020 / Y. M. Forster |
| Geolycosa sp. | Lycosidae | 2020 / Y. M. Forster |
| Heteropoda davidbowie | Sparassidae | 2020 / Y. M. Forster |
| Hippocosa sp. | Lycosidae | 2020 / Y. M. Forster |
| Lycosa praegrandis | Lycosidae | 2020 / Y. M. Forster |
| Lycosa sp. | Lycosidae | 2020 / Y. M. Forster |
| Parawixia bistriata | Araneidae | 2020 / Y. M. Forster |
| Peucetia viridans | Oxyopidae | 2020 / Y. M. Forster |
| Physocyclus mexicanus | Pholcidae | 2020 / Y. M. Forster |
| Steatoda grossa | Theridiidae | 2020 / Y. M. Forster |
| Stegodyphus sp. | Eresidae | 2020 / Y. M. Forster |